Rabu, 13 September 2017

Digital Photography - 10 Ways to Improve Your Photographs

1. Aperture - The aperture is a controllable hole in the lens diaphragm. A large aperture lets a lot of light into the camera through the lens. This also makes the depth of field (the area of the frame that is in sharp focus) smaller. A small aperture allows less light into the camera through the lens and makes the depth of field larger. Aperture is measured in f/numbers.

2. Depth of Field - The depth of field relates to the area of the frame that is in sharp focus. Use a small depth of field to isolate your subject and blur the background. To do this focus on your subject and allow the background to drift out of focus. Use a larger depth of field to keep the entire frame sharp. To do this you will need to use a tripod because a slow shutter speed is required to avoid camera shake.

3. Shutter Speed - The shutter is a device that opens and closes when you press the shutter button to take a photograph. A fast shutter speed lets a small amount of light into the camera. A slow shutter speed allows more light into the camera. Shutter speed is measured in fractions of seconds.

4. Camera Shake - At slow shutter speed camera shake will make your photography blurred. To prevent camera shake use a faster shutter speed or use a tripod to support the camera. Landscape and Macro photography often requires the use of small apertures. Use a remote switch to prevent the camera moving when you operate the shutter.

5. ISO - The ISO setting on a digital camera is used to alter the sensitivity of the sensor. This allows the camera to work with faster shutter speeds without changing the aperture or using the flash. This can be very useful when you are in a situation where flash photography is not allowed. Using a high ISO will add noise (small speckles) to the image.

6. Exposure - To get the correct exposure you will need to use a combination of shutter speed and aperture appropriate for the conditions. If there is not much light available use a slower shutter speed and/or a large aperture, deploy the flash or increase the ISO. A dedicated flash gun will help to get consistently realistic exposure. Use the cameras histogram feature to check the exposure if available. This is more reliable than using the LCD screen on the back of the camera.

7. Composition - Look through the cameras view finder or use the LCD preview screen to see the composition of your subject. If you subject is moving allow some room in the frame for it to move into. Make use of lines to lead the eye towards your subject. Eliminate clutter and unwanted objects from the frame by adjusting the composition. Take the photograph from several angles and heights to give different perspectives of the subject.

8. Sunlight - Avoid taking photographs directly into sunlight. This leads to the dreaded silhouette effect that will cast your subject into a dark shadow. In most situations It is better to have the sunlight falling over your left shoulder. If you are uncertain experiment by taking the photograph from various different positions to get the best out of the light source.

9. Collections - A lonely subject does not always have much impact. A collection of similar subjects all shown as a group adds much more interest. Imagine a solitary photograph of a steam iron! A little bit bland on its own. In a collection of photographs of other steam irons going back in time through each decade would make the image more interesting. A collection of similar subjects put together in a group is a great way to display your photographs.

10. Lighting - Photography is essentially about manipulating light. Learn to understand how different lighting will affect your photography. Think about different ways of incorporating reflections into your photographs. Consider using ambient light, artificial light, and shadows in your photography.

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